Urbanization News Roundup

Happy Weekend urbanists!  Welcome to our new feature Urbanization News Roundup, where we help you catch up on the exciting world of international urbanization news from the week.

For Egypt, a Fresh Start, With Cities “It is the only large country to have become less urban in the last 30 years, according to the World Bank. About 43 percent of Egyptians are city dwellers today.”

Car-Dependent Suburbs May Be Slums of The Future, Says Urban Planning Report Peter Newman of Curtin University says ”urban sprawl is finished. If we continue to roll out new land releases and suburbs that are car-dependent, they will become the slums of the future.”

India, Japan Join Forces to Build “Green Cities” “In November, 2010, India and Japan unveiled a plan to launch 24 green cities along the Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor. These green cities will have optimized energy supplies, 24-hour potable water supply, bicycle and walking paths, and water and waste recycling systems.”

Rio de Janeio Prime Office Rents Overtake New York Rates for the First Time “The annual cost of renting a square foot of prime office space in the Brazilian city rose 47 percent last year to $120, or $5 more than in Midtown Manhattan, the broker said in a statement today. Rio de Janeiro advanced to fourth from 13th in a global ranking of prime office markets, coming after Hong Kong, London and Tokyo,” according to real estate adviser Cushman & Wakefield Inc.

Melissa

Unnamed Chinese Mega City of 42 Million will Merge Nine Cities

Credit The Telegraph (UK)

The British newspaper The Telegraph reported in January about a new proposed Mega City in the south of China that would merge nine cities in the Pearl River Delta region, including Guangzhou and Shenzhen. It will be twice the size of Wales and would unite 42 million people into one city. The mega city intends to recapture an economic competitive advantage relative to Beijing and Shanghai. Currently, the nine cities of the Pearl River Delta region account for almost a tenth of the Chinese economy.

The planning effort will create greater mobility and economies of scale through new infrastructure investments in transportation, energy, and communications technologies. The project will add 3,100 miles of new rails, which would cut commutes between the nine cities to about an hour.

Adam Nathaniel Mayer, author of the China Urban Development Blog writes:

This is the key. The Chinese government still enforces the hukou household registration system for its citizens, making it difficult for people who move from one city to another to use the services offered by their new city. Restrictions for migrants to new cities are not only limited to healthcare and educational services, but to investment opportunities as well such as starting a business or purchasing a new home.

By amalgamating the cities of the Pearl River Delta into one ‘mega-city’, this gets rid of the bureaucratic restrictions of the hukou registration. Now, the migrants who have left their native homes and settled in the Pearl River Delta can move more freely around the region. This is much more than semantics- it is a huge step forward in the liberalization of movement and opportunity for its citizens.

The article also mentions that a unified regional growth plan will help the area address its environmental impacts by better managing consumption of gas and electricity, and improved spatial placement of industry. This plan seems like a promising step forward in the future growth of China, and its role as being a model for urban planning and development. It is unfortunate that in the United States, we are unable to even agree on a unified plan for developing a high-speed rail system or future alternatives to automobile transit.

-Sam

Building New Cities in the Desert

Today the New York Times featured a fascinating article, photo sideshow, graphics and interviews with architects on new cities being built in Saudi Arabia, titled: Laying Out Cities, Saudis see Window to Modernity.

The article discusses not only the architecture and urban planning challenges of constructing such cities in the deserts, but also the religious and political implications of constructing cities have the potential to allow women to more freely mingle with men and foster other “liberal” activities.  Also as a billions of dollars are being spent on these cities many people, Saudi citizens and international observes alike, are upset that other areas of Saudi cities have deteriorated into slums.

Enjoy a few photos and quotes below and read the whole piece from the New York Times.

King Abdullah Economic City, [is] a 65-square-mile development at the edge of the Red Sea. With a projected population of two million, the city is a Middle Eastern version of the “special economic zones” that have flourished in places like China.

Architecturally they couldn’t be more dreary and conventional — bloated glass towers encircled by quaint town houses and suburban villas decorated in ersatz historical styles. Their gargantuan scale and tabula rasa approach conjure old-style Modernist planning efforts like the creation of Brasília in the 1950s or the colossal Soviet urban experiments of the 1930s, but these are driven by anxiety over the future, not utopian idealism.

With more than 13 million Saudis — half the population — under 20, the 86-year-old Saudi ruler, King Abdullah, is trying to create more than a million new jobs and 4 million homes within 10 to 15 years.

“Here you have a long historical pattern of settlement,” said a local architect, Tariq Alireza, expressing a frustration I encountered again and again here. “There is an inordinate amount of vacant land. Why not solve our problems? Why not fix the port in Jidda?”